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Private Health Insurance vs. ACA: Which Is Right for You?
Most self-employed people think there's one way to buy health insurance on your own: HealthCare.gov. There are two. Here's how they actually differ.
How ACA plans work in your state
Marketplace plans are guaranteed-issue — every applicant is accepted regardless of health — and priced on income through the premium tax credit. Enrollment is limited to open enrollment (November 1 – January 15) unless you have a qualifying life event. Medicaid expansion varies by state — in non-expansion states such as Texas, Georgia, Tennessee, South Carolina and Florida, adults under the poverty line can fall into a coverage gap. In your state, the marketplace carriers include the major marketplace carriers in your state. A few states (New Jersey, California, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, DC) have their own individual mandate; most don't.
How private plans work in your state
Private shared-network plans are sold outside the marketplace by carriers that lease access to national PPO networks — in your state, that's Cigna, Aetna and PHCS PPO. They're medically underwritten, which means a short health questionnaire, and priced on age and health rather than income. You can enroll any month of the year, coverage starts on the 1st, and the plans are month to month.
Side by side
| ACA / HealthCare.gov | Private shared-network | |
|---|---|---|
| Priced on | Income | Age + health |
| Health questions | None | Short questionnaire |
| Pre-existing conditions | Covered | Can be declined or excluded |
| When to enroll | Nov 1 – Jan 15 or life event | Any month |
| Network | Often HMO, local | National PPO |
| Best for | Subsidy-eligible, any health | Healthy, above the subsidy line |
Which is right for you?
Two questions decide it. Do you qualify for a subsidy? If yes, the marketplace almost always wins. Are you healthy? If you don't get a subsidy and you are, a private PPO is usually less expensive with a broader network. If you don't get a subsidy and you have a serious condition, the marketplace is still the right answer. Rules, carriers and prices vary by state — pick your state on our quoter to see exactly what's available where you live.
Check your options and we'll show you both markets for your ZIP code, side by side.